刘一鸣;吴智平;颜世永;杨希冰;平明明;张勐;

• 1:中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院
• 2:深层油气重点实验室
• 3:中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司

摘要(Abstract)：

为明确北部湾盆地北部坳陷的构造演化历程和厘清走滑作用对盆地形成演化的控制和影响,利用最新的钻井资料、三维地震资料解释和地层年代学资料,通过对断裂时空演化及其沉积响应的精细刻画,并结合区域构造演化与局部应力特征分析,对盆地内以往认为具有走滑成因的马尾状构造进行了再研究,认为该马尾状构造为区域应力场旋转背景下不同期次断裂叠加的产物,受控于周缘板块重组所诱导的区域应力场转变,基底先存断裂的差异性活动控制了裂陷盆地的发育演化.研究结果表明:该构造的发育特征体现了伸展作用与走滑作用的叠加效应,并控制了古近纪盆地3幕显著差异的裂陷过程.断裂体系优势展布方向经历了由NE向(76.8°)→NEE向(82.8°)→近EW向(85.1°)的转型,主干断裂活动强度峰值经历了200→100→140 m/Ma的转换,次级断裂数量经历了由306→103→389条的转变,不同幕次沉积中心厚度经历了5 000→1 800→2 000 m的演化过程.体现了古近纪早期NE向优势断裂体系在应力场旋转的背景下向NEE向转型,古近纪晚期形成的NW向和NEE向共轭走滑断裂体系对构造格局进行了强烈改造.明确了在古太平洋板块俯冲后撤产生的NNW-SSE向区域伸展背景下,NE向基底断裂的强烈张扭性活动控制了盆地的形成.先存断裂的斜向伸展和隐性断裂的走滑复活效应导致了盆内显著的走滑变形特征,决定了盆地现今复杂的构造面貌.受断裂分期和分段发育的控制,在陡坡带源岩内发育的各类扇体可以成为源内勘探的有利目标,NW向隐性走滑断裂带控制的压扭背斜应成为今后重要的勘探方向.

关键词(KeyWords)： 马尾状构造;走滑作用;先存断裂;斜向伸展;裂陷演化;北部湾盆地

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): “十三五”国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05024-002-001);; 国家建设高水平大学公派留学基金项目(201706450007)

作者(Author): 刘一鸣;吴智平;颜世永;杨希冰;平明明;张勐;

Email:

DOI: 10.13247/j.cnki.jcumt.001247

参考文献(References)：

• [1] 徐嘉炜.论走滑断层作用的几个主要问题[J].地学前缘,1995,2(1/2):125-136.XU Jiawei.Some major problems about strike-slip faulting[J].Earth Science Frontiers,1995,2(1/2):125-136.
• [2] 许顺山,彭华,ANGEL F N,等.里德尔剪切的组合型式与走滑盆地组合型式的相似性[J].地质论评,2017,63(2):287-301.XU Shunshan,PENG Hua,ANGEL F N,et al.The similarity between Riedel shear patterns and strike-slip basin patterns[J].Geological Review,2017,63(2):287-301.
• [3] 李四光.旋卷构造及其他有关中国西北部大地构造体系复合问题[J].地质学报,1954,34(4):339-410.LI Siguang.Vortex structure and other problems relating to the compounding of geotectongic systems of northwestern China[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1954,34(4):339-410.
• [4] 李东旭,宋立才,张林炎.旋扭构造研究的进展[J].地质力学学报,2019,25(5):981-1000.LI Dongxu,SONG Licai,ZHANG Linyan.Progress in research on rotation-shear structure[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2019,25(5):981-1000.
• [5] TAPPONNIER P,PELTZER G,ARMIJO R.On the mechanisms of the collision between India and Asia[J].Geological Society,London,Special Publications,1986,19(1):113-157.
• [6] 李理,时秀朋,胡秋媛,等.双帚状断层的成因和生长发育[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,41(6):41-49.LI Li,SHI Xiupeng,HU Qiuyuan,et al.Mechanism and growth of broom-like fault[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science),2017,41(6):41-49.
• [7] 袁万明,李红阳,邓军,等.玛曲格尔珂金矿田旋涡状构造及其控矿作用[J].岩石学报,2010,26(6):1785-1792.YUAN Wanming,LI Hongyang,DENG Jun,et al.Whirl structure and constraint on the mineralization in Ge’erke gold orefiled,Maqu,northern Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2010,26(6):1785-1792.
• [8] 雷义均,戴平云,段其发,等.湘黔汞矿带旋扭构造动力作用与成矿规律[J].大地构造与成矿学,2012,36(4):525-529.LEI Yijun,DAI Pingyun,DUAN Qifa,et al.Rotational shear tectonics and metallogeny of the mercury ore belt in Hunan and Guizhou provinces,China[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2012,36(4):525-529.
• [9] 徐长贵.渤海走滑转换带及其对大中型油气田形成的控制作用[J].地球科学,2016,41(9):1548-1560.XU Changgui.Strike-slip transfer zone and its control on formation of medium and large-sized oilfields in Bohai Sea area[J].Earth Science,2016,41(9):1548-1560.
• [10] 吴智平,张婧,任健,等.辽东湾坳陷东部地区走滑双重构造的发育特征及其石油地质意义[J].地质学报,2016,90(5):848-856.WU Zhiping,ZHANG Jing,REN Jian,et al.Development characteristic of strike-slip duplex in the eastern part of Liaodong Bay depression and its petroleum significance[J].Acta Geologica Sinca,2016,90(5):848-856.
• [11] 徐长贵,加东辉,宛良伟.渤海走滑断裂对古近系源-汇体系的控制作用[J].地球科学,2017,42(11):1871-1882.XU Changgui,JIA Donghui,WAN Liangwei.Control of the strike-slip fault to the source-to-sink system of the Paleogene in the Bohai Sea area[J].Earth Science,2017,42(11):1871-1882.
• [12] 薛永安,邓运华,王德英,等.蓬莱19-3特大型油田成藏条件及勘探开发关键技术[J].石油学报,2019,40(9):1125-1146.XUE Yongan,DENG Yunhua,WANG Deying,et al.Reservoir formation conditions and key exploration & development technologies in PL 19-3 giant oilfield[J].Acta Petrolei Sinca,2019,40(9):1125-1146.
• [13] 邓尚,李慧莉,韩俊,等.塔里木盆地顺北5号走滑断裂中段活动特征及其地质意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2019,40(5):990-998.DENG Shang,LI Huili,HAN Jun,et al.Characteristics of the central segment of Shunbei 5 strike-slip fault zone in Tarim Basin and its geological significance[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2019,40(5):990-998.
• [14] 韩剑发,苏洲,陈利新,等.塔里木盆地台盆区走滑断裂控储控藏作用及勘探潜力[J].石油学报,2019,40(11):1296-1310.HAN Jianfa,SU Zhou,CHEN Lixin,et al.Reservoir-controlling and accumulation-controlling of strike-slip faults and exploration potential in the platform of Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinca,2019,40(11):1296-1310.
• [15] RICHARDS J P.Giant ore deposits formed by optimal alignments and combinations of geological processes[J].Nature Geoscience,2013,6:911-916.
• [16] 魏春光,何雨丹,耿长波,等.北部湾盆地北部坳陷新生代断裂发育过程研究[J].大地构造与成矿学,2008,32(1):28-35.WEI Chunguang,HE Yudan,GENG Changbo,et al.Faulting mechanism in Northern depression of the Beibuwan Basin,China[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2008,32(1),28-35
• [17] 马云,李三忠,刘鑫,等.华南北部湾盆地的形成机制[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2014,44(6):1727-1736.MA Yun,LI Sanzhong,LIU Xin,et al.Formation mechanism of the BeibuwanBasin,south China[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2014,44(6):1727-1736.
• [18] 李春荣,张功成,梁建设,等.北部湾盆地断裂构造特征及其对油气的控制作用[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):195-203.LI Chunrong,ZHANG Gongcheng,LIANG Jianshe,et al.Characteristics of fault structure and its control on hydrocarbons in the Beibuwan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinca,2012,33(2),195-203.
• [19] 秦春雨,王华,姜平,等.涠西南凹陷边界断层演化及其对地层充填对控制[J].中国矿业大学学报,2020,49(2):322-331.QIN Chunyu,WANG Hua,JIANG Ping,et al.Boundary fault evolution and its effect on tectono-stratigraphic evolution of Weixinan sag[J].China University of Mining & Technology,2020,49(2):322-331.
• [20] TONG H.Sandbox modeling of fault formation and evolution in the Weixinan sag,Beibuwan Basin,China[J].Petroleum Science,2012,9(2):121-128.
• [21] 漆家福,吴景富,马兵山,等.南海北部珠江口盆地中段伸展构造模型及其动力学[J].地学前缘,2019,26(2):203-221.QI Jiafu,WUJingfu,MA Bingshan,et al.The structural model and dynamics concerning middle section,Pearl River Mouth Basin in the northern margin of South China Sea[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2019,26(2):203-221.
• [22] 解习农,任建业,王振峰,等.南海大陆边缘盆地构造演化差异性及其与南海扩张耦合关系[J].地学前缘,2015,22(1):77-87.XIE Xinong,REN Jianye,WANG Zhenfeng,et al.Difference of tectonic evolution of continental marginal basins of South China Sea and relationship with SCS spreading[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2015,22(1):77-87.
• [23] 李思田.沉积盆地动力学研究的进展、发展趋势与面临的挑战[J].地学前缘,2015,22(1):1-8.LI Sitian.Advancement,trend and new challenges in basin geodynamics[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2015,22(1):1-8
• [24] 任建业.中国近海海域新生代成盆动力机制分析[J].地球科学,2018,43(10):3337-3361.REN JIanye.Genetic dynamics of China offshore Cenozoic basins[J].Earth Science,2018,43(10):3337-3361.
• [25] YE Q,MEI L,SHI H S,et al.The Late Cretaceous tectonic evolution of the South China Sea area:An overview,and new perspectives from 3D seismic reflection data[J].Earth Science Reviews,2018,187:186-204.
• [26] 李才,杨希冰,范彩伟,等.北部湾盆地演化及局部构造成因机制研究[J].地质学报,2018,92(10):2028-2039.LI Cai,YANG Xibing,FAN Caiwei,et al.On the evolution process of the Beibu Gulf Basin and forming mechanism of local structures[J].Acta Geologica Sinca,2018,92(10):2028-2039.
• [27] 杨希冰.南海北部北部湾盆地油气藏形成条件[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(4):85-92.YANG Xibing.Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions in Beibu-gulf Basin,northern South China Sea[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2016,21(4):85-92.
• [28] 余一欣,周心怀,汤良杰,等.渤海海域辽东湾坳陷正断层联接及其转换带特征[J].地质论评,2009,55(1):79-84.YU Yixin,ZHOU Xinhuai,TANG Liangjie,et al.Linkages of normal faults and transfer zones in the Liaodongwan depression,offshore Bohai Bay Basin[J].Geological Review,2009,55(1):79-84.
• [29] 张晓庆,宋明水,侯中帅,等.裂陷盆地构造-沉积耦合关系及其控藏作用:以渤海湾盆地埕北凹陷古近系为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2019,48(6):1317-1329.ZHANG Xiaoqing,SONG Mingshui,HOU Zhongshuai,et al.Coupling relationship between structure and sedimentation and the controlling effect on hydrocarbon accumulation in the rift basin:A case study of the Paleogene in the Chengbei sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2019,48(6):1317-1329.
• [30] 金杰华,操应长,王健,等.涠西南凹陷陡坡带流一段上亚段异重流沉积新发现[J].地学前缘,2019,26(4):250-258.JIN Jiehua,CAO Yingchang,WANG Jian,et al.New discovery of hyperpycnal flow deposits in the El1x section of the steep slope belt in the Weixinan sag[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2019,26(4):250-258.
• [31] MULLER R D,SETON M,ZAHIROVIC S.Ocean basin evolution and global-scale plate reorganization events since Pangea breakup[J].Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences,2016,44:107-138.
• [32] LIU Y M,LIU L J,WU Z P,et al.New insight into East Asian tectonism since the late Mesozoic inferred from erratic inversions of NW-trending faulting within the Bohai Bay Basin[J/OL].Gondwana Research,2020:1-14[2020-03-10].https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2020.01.022.
• [33] 吴世敏,周蒂,丘学林.南海北部陆缘的构造属性问题[J].高校地质学报,2001,7(4):419-426.WU Shimin,ZHOU Di,QIU Xuelin.Tectonic setting of the northern margin of the South China Sea[J].Geological Journal of China Unversities,2001,7(4):419-426.
• [34] 刘雨晴,吴智平,王毅,等.北部湾盆地古近纪断裂体系发育及其控盆作用[J].中国矿业大学学报,2020,49(2):360-370.LIU Yuqing,WU Zhiping,WANG Yi,et al.Development of Paleogene fault systems and its control on the basin structures in the Beibuwan Basin[J].China University of Mining & Technology,2020,49(2):360-370.
• [35] NORTHRUP C J,ROYDEN L H,BURCHFIEL B C.Motion of the Pacific plate relative to Eurasia and its potential relation to Cenozoic extension along the eastern margin of Eurasia[J].Geology,1995,23:719-722.
• [36] JICHA B R,GARCIA M O,WESSEL P.Mid-Cenozoic Pacific plate motion change:Implications for the Northwest Hawaiian Ridge and circum-Pacific[J].Geology,2018,46(11):939-942.
• [37] SUO Y H,LI S Z,CAO X Z,et al.Two-stage eastward diachronous model of India-Eurasia collision:Constraints from the intraplate tectonic records in Northeast Indian Ocean[J/OL].Gondwana Research,2020:1-13[2020-02-17].https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2020.01.006.
• [38] SUN Z,ZHONG Z H,ZHOU D,et al.3D analogue modeling of theSouth China Sea:A discussion on breakup pattern[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,34(4),544-556.
• [39] 李三忠,索艳慧,刘鑫,等.南海的盆地群与盆地动力学[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2012,32(6):55-78.LI Sanzhong,SUO Yanhui,LIU Xin,et al.Basin dynamics and basin groups of the South China Sea[J].Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology,2012,32(6):55-78.
• [40] RANGIN C,KLEIN M,ROQUES D,et al.The Red River fault system in the tonkin Gulf,Vietnam[J].Tectonophysics,1995,243:209-222.
• [41] DING W W,SUN Z,DADD K,et al.Structures within the oceanic crust of the central South China Sea basin and their implications for oceanic accretionary processes[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2018,488:115-125.
• [42] ZHANG C M,WANG Z F,Sun Z,et al.Structural differences between the western and eastern Qiongdongnan Basin:Evidence of Indochina block extrusion and South China Sea seafloor spreading[J].Marine Geophysics Research,2013,34:309-323.
• [43] SHI X B,JIANG H Y,YANG J,et al.Models of the rapid post-rift subsidence in the eastern Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea:Implications for the development of the deep thermal anomaly[J].Basin Research,2017,29(3):340-362.
• [44] 童亨茂,范彩伟,孟令箭,等.中国东-南部裂陷盆地断裂系统复杂性的表现形式及成因机制:以南堡凹陷和涠西南凹陷为例[J].地质学报,2018,92(9):1753-1765.TONG Hengmao,FAN Caiwei,MENG Lingjian,et al.,Manifestation and origin mechanism of the fault system complexity in rift basins in eastern-southern China:Case study of the Nanbu and Weixinan sags[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2018,92(9):1753-1765.
• [45] 刘一鸣,吴智平,刘丽芳,等.埕北凹陷及邻区新生代断裂体系与构造格局[J].大地构造与成矿学,2019,43(6):1133-1143.LIU Yiming,WU Zhiping,LIU Lifang,et al.Cenozoic fault system and tectonic framework of Chengbei sag and its adjacent areas,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2019,43(6):1133-1143.
• [46] LI S Z,SUO Y H,LI X,et al.Mesozoic tectono-magmatic response in the east Asian ocean-continent connection zone to subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2019,192:91-137.
• [47] DUAN L,MENG Q R,WU G L,et al.Nanpanjiang basin:A window on the tectonic development of south China during Triassic assembly of the southeastern and eastern Asia[J].Gondwana Research,2020,78:189-209.
• [48] 牛成民,薛永安,黄江波,等.渤海海域隐性走滑断层形成机理、识别方法与控藏作用[J].中国海上油气,2019,31(6):1-12.NIU Chengmin,XUE Yongan,HUANG Jiangbo,et al.Formation mechanisms,identification methods and control effects of recessive strike-slip faults in the Bohai Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2019,31(6):1-12.
• [49] HUANG L,LIU C Y.Three Types of Flower Structures in a Divergent-Wrench Fault Zone[J].Journal of Geophysics Research,2017,122:10478-10497.
• [50] COELHO S,PASSCHIER C,MARQUES F.Riedel-shear control on the development of pennant veins:Field example and analogue modeling[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2006,28:1658-1669.
• [51] 刘一鸣,胡林,张强,等.涠西南凹陷流沙港组二段至一段构造特征及其对沉积的控制作用[J].东北石油大学学报,2018,42(6):52-41.LIU Yiming,HU Lin,ZHANG Qiang,et al.Structural characteristics of Weixi’nan sag during Liushagang-2 member to Liushagang-1 member depositional period and its control on sedimentary fill[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2018,42(6):52-41.
• [52] 周维维,王伟锋,安邦,等.渤海湾盆地隐性断裂带识别及其地质意义[J].地球科学,2014,39(11):1627-1638.ZHOU Weiwei,WANG Weifeng,AN Bang,et al.Identification of potential fault zones and its geological significance in Bohai Bay Basin[J].Earth Science,2014,39(11):1627-1638.